458 lines
19 KiB
Erlang
458 lines
19 KiB
Erlang
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
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%%% @author anlicheng
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%%% @copyright (C) 2025, <COMPANY>
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%%% @doc
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%%% Endpoint 数据分发订阅索引。
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%%%
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%%% 当前实现面向较大订阅量场景，publish 热路径不再全量遍历订阅表，而是把
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%%% 订阅拆成 exact 和 wildcard 两类：
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%%%
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%%% <ul>
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%%% <li>精确订阅写入 endpoint_subscription_exact，publish 时按 RouteKey
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%%% 直接 ets:lookup/2。</li>
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%%% <li>包含通配符的订阅写入 ETS trie。trie 边存放在
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%%% endpoint_subscription_trie_edge，节点订阅存放在
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%%% endpoint_subscription_trie_sub。</li>
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%%% <li>endpoint_subscription_reverse 保存 SubscriberPid 到订阅对象的反向索引，
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%%% 用于 unsubscribe 和进程 DOWN 清理。</li>
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%%% <li>endpoint_subscription_pid 记录每个 SubscriberPid 的 monitor 和订阅计数，
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%%% 同一个 pid 只 monitor 一次。</li>
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%%% </ul>
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%%%
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%%% 所有 matcher 共用同一个 root node，root node id 固定为 0。新 trie 节点使用
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%%% 单调递增的 integer node id。subscribe/unsubscribe 通过本 gen_server 串行写 ETS；
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%%% publish/2 直接并发读取 ETS，避免中心 gen_server 成为数据分发瓶颈。
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%%%
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%%% 匹配规则：
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%%%
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%%% <ul>
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%%% <li>普通 segment 必须完全相等，例如 <<"device/a/temp">> 只精确匹配
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%%% 同名订阅。</li>
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%%% <li><<"*">> 是单级通配，只匹配一个 segment。例如
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%%% <<"device/*/temp">> 匹配 <<"device/a/temp">>，不匹配
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%%% <<"device/a/b/temp">>。</li>
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%%% <li><<"+">> 是末尾多级通配，只允许出现在 matcher 最后一段，并且至少
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%%% 匹配一个剩余 segment。例如 <<"device/+">> 匹配 <<"device/a">>
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%%% 和 <<"device/a/temp">>，不匹配 <<"device">>。</li>
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%%% </ul>
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%%%
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%%% publish/2 的匹配流程：
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%%%
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%%% <ol>
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%%% <li>从 exact 表直接查找 RouteKey 对应的订阅。</li>
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%%% <li>把 RouteKey 按 "/" 拆分后，从 trie root 开始逐层匹配。每层最多查找
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%%% 当前 segment 分支和 <<"*">> 分支。</li>
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%%% <li>每消费一层前，收集当前候选节点上的 plus 订阅；全部 segment 消费完后，
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%%% 收集候选节点上的 exact 订阅。</li>
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%%% <li>合并 exact 和 trie 命中结果，按原有优先级排序，再按 SubscriberPid 去重。
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%%% 同一个 pid 同时被多个 matcher 命中时，保留优先级最高的订阅。</li>
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%%% <li>对最终订阅者执行 endpoint:forward/2。</li>
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%%% </ol>
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%%% @end
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%%% Created : 07. 11月 2025 16:27
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%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
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-module(endpoint_subscription).
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-author("anlicheng").
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-behaviour(gen_server).
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%% API
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-export([start_link/0]).
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-export([subscribe/2, unsubscribe/2, publish/2, get_subscribers/0]).
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-export([is_valid_components/1, of_components/1]).
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%% gen_server callbacks
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-export([init/1, handle_call/3, handle_cast/2, handle_info/2, terminate/2, code_change/3]).
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-define(SERVER, ?MODULE).
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-define(EXACT_TAB, endpoint_subscription_exact).
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-define(TRIE_EDGE_TAB, endpoint_subscription_trie_edge).
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-define(TRIE_SUB_TAB, endpoint_subscription_trie_sub).
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-define(REVERSE_TAB, endpoint_subscription_reverse).
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-define(PID_TAB, endpoint_subscription_pid).
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-define(ROOT_NODE, 0).
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%% 定义订阅者
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-record(subscriber, {
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topic :: binary(),
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subscriber_pid :: pid(),
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components = [],
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monitor_ref :: undefined | reference(),
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%% 优先级
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%% 1. 完全匹配的topic优先级别最高
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%% 2. 带 * 的订阅
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%% 3. 带 + 的订阅
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order :: integer()
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}).
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-record(state, {
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exact_tid :: ets:tid(),
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edge_tid :: ets:tid(),
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trie_sub_tid :: ets:tid(),
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reverse_tid :: ets:tid(),
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pid_tid :: ets:tid(),
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next_node_id = 1 :: pos_integer()
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}).
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%%%===================================================================
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%%% API
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%%%===================================================================
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-spec subscribe(Topic :: binary(), SubscriberPid :: pid()) -> ok | {error, Reason :: binary()}.
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subscribe(Topic, SubscriberPid) when is_binary(Topic), is_pid(SubscriberPid) ->
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gen_server:call(?SERVER, {subscribe, Topic, SubscriberPid}).
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-spec unsubscribe(Topic :: binary(), SubscriberPid :: pid()) -> ok.
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unsubscribe(Topic, SubscriberPid) when is_binary(Topic), is_pid(SubscriberPid) ->
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gen_server:call(?SERVER, {unsubscribe, Topic, SubscriberPid}).
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-spec get_subscribers() -> {ok, Subscribers :: list()}.
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get_subscribers() ->
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gen_server:call(?SERVER, get_subscribers).
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-spec publish(RouteKey :: binary(), Content :: binary()) -> ok.
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publish(RouteKey, Content) when is_binary(RouteKey), is_binary(Content) ->
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case ets:info(?EXACT_TAB) of
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undefined ->
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ok;
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_ ->
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MatchedSubscribers = match_route_key(RouteKey),
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lists:foreach(fun(#subscriber{subscriber_pid = SubscriberPid}) ->
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endpoint:forward(SubscriberPid, Content)
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end, MatchedSubscribers),
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maybe_log_unmatched_publish(RouteKey, Content, MatchedSubscribers),
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logger:debug("[endpoint_subscription] route_key: ~p, match_count: ~p", [RouteKey, length(MatchedSubscribers)]),
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ok
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end.
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%% @doc Spawns the server and registers the local name (unique)
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-spec(start_link() ->
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{ok, Pid :: pid()} | ignore | {error, Reason :: term()}).
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start_link() ->
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gen_server:start_link({local, ?SERVER}, ?MODULE, [], []).
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%%%===================================================================
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%%% gen_server callbacks
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%%%===================================================================
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%% @private
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%% @doc Initializes the server
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-spec(init(Args :: term()) ->
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{ok, State :: #state{}} | {ok, State :: #state{}, timeout() | hibernate} |
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{stop, Reason :: term()} | ignore).
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init([]) ->
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ok = iot_log:set_metadata(),
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ExactTid = ets:new(?EXACT_TAB, [named_table, protected, bag, {read_concurrency, true}]),
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EdgeTid = ets:new(?TRIE_EDGE_TAB, [named_table, protected, set, {read_concurrency, true}]),
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TrieSubTid = ets:new(?TRIE_SUB_TAB, [named_table, protected, bag, {read_concurrency, true}]),
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ReverseTid = ets:new(?REVERSE_TAB, [named_table, protected, bag]),
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PidTid = ets:new(?PID_TAB, [named_table, protected, set]),
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{ok, #state{
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exact_tid = ExactTid,
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edge_tid = EdgeTid,
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trie_sub_tid = TrieSubTid,
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reverse_tid = ReverseTid,
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pid_tid = PidTid
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}}.
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%% @private
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%% @doc Handling call messages
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-spec(handle_call(Request :: term(), From :: {pid(), Tag :: term()},
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State :: #state{}) ->
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{reply, Reply :: term(), NewState :: #state{}} |
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{reply, Reply :: term(), NewState :: #state{}, timeout() | hibernate} |
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{noreply, NewState :: #state{}} |
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{noreply, NewState :: #state{}, timeout() | hibernate} |
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{stop, Reason :: term(), Reply :: term(), NewState :: #state{}} |
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{stop, Reason :: term(), NewState :: #state{}}).
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%% 同一个SubscriberPid只能订阅同一个topic一次
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handle_call(get_subscribers, _From, State = #state{exact_tid = ExactTid, trie_sub_tid = TrieSubTid}) ->
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Subscribers = exact_subscribers(ExactTid) ++ trie_subscribers(TrieSubTid),
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{reply, {ok, Subscribers}, State};
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handle_call({subscribe, Topic, SubscriberPid}, _From, State = #state{reverse_tid = ReverseTid}) ->
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Components = of_components(Topic),
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case is_valid_components(Components) of
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true ->
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case has_subscription(ReverseTid, Topic, SubscriberPid) of
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true ->
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{reply, ok, State};
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false ->
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{MonitorRef, State1} = ensure_pid_monitor(SubscriberPid, State),
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Sub = #subscriber{
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topic = Topic,
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subscriber_pid = SubscriberPid,
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components = Components,
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monitor_ref = MonitorRef,
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order = order_num(Components)
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},
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State2 = insert_subscription(Topic, Components, SubscriberPid, Sub, State1),
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{reply, ok, State2}
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end;
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false ->
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{reply, {error, <<"invalid topic name">>}, State}
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end;
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handle_call({unsubscribe, Topic, SubscriberPid}, _From, State = #state{reverse_tid = ReverseTid}) ->
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Removed = [Reverse || Reverse = {SubscriberPid0, Topic0, _Kind, _NodeId, _Sub} <- ets:lookup(ReverseTid, SubscriberPid),
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SubscriberPid =:= SubscriberPid0, Topic =:= Topic0],
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lists:foreach(fun(Reverse) -> delete_subscription(Reverse, State) end, Removed),
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State1 = release_pid_monitor(SubscriberPid, length(Removed), State),
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{reply, ok, State1}.
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%% @private
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%% @doc Handling cast messages
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-spec(handle_cast(Request :: term(), State :: #state{}) ->
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{noreply, NewState :: #state{}} |
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{noreply, NewState :: #state{}, timeout() | hibernate} |
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{stop, Reason :: term(), NewState :: #state{}}).
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handle_cast(_Request, State = #state{}) ->
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{noreply, State}.
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%% @private
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%% @doc Handling all non call/cast messages
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-spec(handle_info(Info :: timeout() | term(), State :: #state{}) ->
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{noreply, NewState :: #state{}} |
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{noreply, NewState :: #state{}, timeout() | hibernate} |
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{stop, Reason :: term(), NewState :: #state{}}).
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handle_info({'DOWN', MonitorRef, process, SubscriberPid, Reason}, State = #state{reverse_tid = ReverseTid, pid_tid = PidTid}) ->
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logger:debug("[endpoint_subscription] subscriber: ~p, down with reason: ~p", [SubscriberPid, Reason]),
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Removed = ets:lookup(ReverseTid, SubscriberPid),
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lists:foreach(fun(Reverse) -> delete_subscription(Reverse, State) end, Removed),
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case ets:lookup(PidTid, SubscriberPid) of
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[{SubscriberPid, MonitorRef, _Count}] ->
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ets:delete(PidTid, SubscriberPid);
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_ ->
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ok
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end,
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{noreply, State};
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handle_info(Info, State = #state{}) ->
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logger:debug("[endpoint_subscription] get unknown info: ~p", [Info]),
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{noreply, State}.
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%% @private
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%% @doc This function is called by a gen_server when it is about to
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%% terminate. It should be the opposite of Module:init/1 and do any
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%% necessary cleaning up. When it returns, the gen_server terminates
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%% with Reason. The return value is ignored.
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-spec(terminate(Reason :: (normal | shutdown | {shutdown, term()} | term()),
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State :: #state{}) -> term()).
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terminate(_Reason, _State = #state{}) ->
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ok.
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%% @private
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%% @doc Convert process state when code is changed
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-spec(code_change(OldVsn :: term() | {down, term()}, State :: #state{},
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Extra :: term()) ->
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{ok, NewState :: #state{}} | {error, Reason :: term()}).
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code_change(_OldVsn, State = #state{}, _Extra) ->
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{ok, State}.
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%%%===================================================================
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%%% Internal functions
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%%%===================================================================
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-spec match_route_key(binary()) -> [#subscriber{}].
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match_route_key(RouteKey) when is_binary(RouteKey) ->
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ExactSubs = [Sub || {_Topic, Sub} <- ets:lookup(?EXACT_TAB, RouteKey)],
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TrieSubs = match_trie(of_components(RouteKey)),
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Sorted = lists:sort(fun compare_subscriber/2, ExactSubs ++ TrieSubs),
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dedupe_subscribers(Sorted).
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-spec maybe_log_unmatched_publish(binary(), binary(), [#subscriber{}]) -> ok.
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maybe_log_unmatched_publish(RouteKey, Content, []) ->
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endpoint_log:unmatched_publish(RouteKey, Content);
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maybe_log_unmatched_publish(_RouteKey, _Content, _MatchedSubscribers) ->
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ok.
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-spec of_components(Topic :: binary()) -> [binary()].
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of_components(Topic) when is_binary(Topic) ->
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binary:split(Topic, <<$/>>, [global]).
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is_valid_components([]) ->
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true;
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is_valid_components([<<$+>>|T]) ->
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length(T) =:= 0;
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is_valid_components([<<$*>>|T]) ->
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is_valid_components(T);
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is_valid_components([_|T]) ->
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is_valid_components(T).
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-spec order_num(Components :: list()) -> integer().
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order_num([]) ->
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1;
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order_num([<<$*>>|_]) ->
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2;
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order_num([<<$+>>|_]) ->
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3;
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order_num([_|Tail]) ->
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order_num(Tail).
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-spec has_subscription(ets:tid(), binary(), pid()) -> boolean().
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has_subscription(ReverseTid, Topic, SubscriberPid) ->
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Subscriptions = ets:lookup(ReverseTid, SubscriberPid),
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lists:any(fun({SubscriberPid0, Topic0, _Kind, _NodeId, _Sub}) ->
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Topic =:= Topic0 andalso SubscriberPid =:= SubscriberPid0
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end, Subscriptions).
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-spec compare_subscriber(#subscriber{}, #subscriber{}) -> boolean().
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compare_subscriber(#subscriber{order = Order0, topic = Topic0}, #subscriber{order = Order1, topic = Topic1}) ->
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case Order0 =:= Order1 of
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true ->
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Topic0 =< Topic1;
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false ->
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Order0 < Order1
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end.
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-spec dedupe_subscribers([#subscriber{}]) -> [#subscriber{}].
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dedupe_subscribers(Subscribers) ->
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{_, Result} = lists:foldl(fun(S = #subscriber{subscriber_pid = SubscriberPid}, {Seen, Acc}) ->
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case sets:is_element(SubscriberPid, Seen) of
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true ->
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{Seen, Acc};
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false ->
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{sets:add_element(SubscriberPid, Seen), [S | Acc]}
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end
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end, {sets:new(), []}, Subscribers),
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lists:reverse(Result).
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-spec insert_subscription(binary(), [binary()], pid(), #subscriber{}, #state{}) -> #state{}.
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insert_subscription(Topic, Components, SubscriberPid, Sub, State = #state{exact_tid = ExactTid, trie_sub_tid = TrieSubTid, reverse_tid = ReverseTid}) ->
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case has_wildcard(Components) of
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false ->
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true = ets:insert(ExactTid, {Topic, Sub}),
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true = ets:insert(ReverseTid, {SubscriberPid, Topic, exact, undefined, Sub}),
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State;
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true ->
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{Kind, NodeId, State1} = insert_trie_subscription(Components, State),
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true = ets:insert(TrieSubTid, {{NodeId, subscription_match_type(Kind)}, Sub}),
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true = ets:insert(ReverseTid, {SubscriberPid, Topic, Kind, NodeId, Sub}),
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State1
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end.
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-spec insert_trie_subscription([binary()], #state{}) -> {trie_exact | trie_plus, non_neg_integer(), #state{}}.
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insert_trie_subscription(Components, State) ->
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case Components of
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[] ->
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{trie_exact, ?ROOT_NODE, State};
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_ ->
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case lists:last(Components) of
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<<"+">> ->
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Prefix = lists:sublist(Components, length(Components) - 1),
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{NodeId, State1} = ensure_path(Prefix, State),
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{trie_plus, NodeId, State1};
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_ ->
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{NodeId, State1} = ensure_path(Components, State),
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{trie_exact, NodeId, State1}
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end
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end.
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-spec subscription_match_type(trie_exact | trie_plus) -> exact | plus.
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subscription_match_type(trie_exact) ->
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exact;
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subscription_match_type(trie_plus) ->
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plus.
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-spec ensure_path([binary()], #state{}) -> {non_neg_integer(), #state{}}.
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ensure_path(Components, State) ->
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ensure_path(?ROOT_NODE, Components, State).
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-spec ensure_path(non_neg_integer(), [binary()], #state{}) -> {non_neg_integer(), #state{}}.
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ensure_path(NodeId, [], State) ->
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{NodeId, State};
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ensure_path(NodeId, [Segment | Rest], State = #state{edge_tid = EdgeTid, next_node_id = NextNodeId}) ->
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EdgeKey = {NodeId, Segment},
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case ets:lookup(EdgeTid, EdgeKey) of
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[{EdgeKey, ChildNodeId}] ->
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ensure_path(ChildNodeId, Rest, State);
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[] ->
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true = ets:insert(EdgeTid, {EdgeKey, NextNodeId}),
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ensure_path(NextNodeId, Rest, State#state{next_node_id = NextNodeId + 1})
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end.
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-spec delete_subscription(tuple(), #state{}) -> ok.
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delete_subscription(Reverse = {_SubscriberPid, Topic, exact, undefined, Sub}, #state{exact_tid = ExactTid, reverse_tid = ReverseTid}) ->
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true = ets:delete_object(ExactTid, {Topic, Sub}),
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true = ets:delete_object(ReverseTid, Reverse),
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ok;
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delete_subscription(Reverse = {_SubscriberPid, _Topic, Kind, NodeId, Sub}, #state{trie_sub_tid = TrieSubTid, reverse_tid = ReverseTid}) ->
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true = ets:delete_object(TrieSubTid, {{NodeId, subscription_match_type(Kind)}, Sub}),
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true = ets:delete_object(ReverseTid, Reverse),
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ok.
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-spec ensure_pid_monitor(pid(), #state{}) -> {reference(), #state{}}.
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ensure_pid_monitor(SubscriberPid, State = #state{pid_tid = PidTid}) ->
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case ets:lookup(PidTid, SubscriberPid) of
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[{SubscriberPid, MonitorRef, Count}] ->
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true = ets:insert(PidTid, {SubscriberPid, MonitorRef, Count + 1}),
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{MonitorRef, State};
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[] ->
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MonitorRef = erlang:monitor(process, SubscriberPid),
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true = ets:insert(PidTid, {SubscriberPid, MonitorRef, 1}),
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{MonitorRef, State}
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end.
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-spec release_pid_monitor(pid(), non_neg_integer(), #state{}) -> #state{}.
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release_pid_monitor(_SubscriberPid, 0, State) ->
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State;
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release_pid_monitor(SubscriberPid, RemovedCount, State = #state{pid_tid = PidTid}) ->
|
||
case ets:lookup(PidTid, SubscriberPid) of
|
||
[{SubscriberPid, MonitorRef, Count}] when Count =< RemovedCount ->
|
||
erlang:demonitor(MonitorRef, [flush]),
|
||
ets:delete(PidTid, SubscriberPid),
|
||
State;
|
||
[{SubscriberPid, MonitorRef, Count}] ->
|
||
true = ets:insert(PidTid, {SubscriberPid, MonitorRef, Count - RemovedCount}),
|
||
State;
|
||
[] ->
|
||
State
|
||
end.
|
||
|
||
-spec match_trie([binary()]) -> [#subscriber{}].
|
||
match_trie(Components) ->
|
||
match_trie([?ROOT_NODE], Components, []).
|
||
|
||
-spec match_trie([non_neg_integer()], [binary()], [#subscriber{}]) -> [#subscriber{}].
|
||
match_trie(NodeIds, [], Acc) ->
|
||
collect_trie_subscribers(NodeIds, exact) ++ Acc;
|
||
match_trie(NodeIds, [Segment | Rest], Acc) ->
|
||
PlusSubs = collect_trie_subscribers(NodeIds, plus),
|
||
NextNodeIds = next_trie_nodes(NodeIds, Segment),
|
||
match_trie(NextNodeIds, Rest, PlusSubs ++ Acc).
|
||
|
||
-spec collect_trie_subscribers([non_neg_integer()], exact | plus) -> [#subscriber{}].
|
||
collect_trie_subscribers(NodeIds, MatchType) ->
|
||
lists:flatmap(fun(NodeId) ->
|
||
[Sub || {{NodeId0, MatchType0}, Sub} <- ets:lookup(?TRIE_SUB_TAB, {NodeId, MatchType}),
|
||
NodeId0 =:= NodeId, MatchType0 =:= MatchType]
|
||
end, NodeIds).
|
||
|
||
-spec next_trie_nodes([non_neg_integer()], binary()) -> [non_neg_integer()].
|
||
next_trie_nodes(NodeIds, Segment) ->
|
||
lists:usort(lists:flatmap(fun(NodeId) ->
|
||
lookup_child(NodeId, Segment) ++ lookup_child(NodeId, <<"*">>)
|
||
end, NodeIds)).
|
||
|
||
-spec lookup_child(non_neg_integer(), binary()) -> [non_neg_integer()].
|
||
lookup_child(NodeId, Segment) ->
|
||
EdgeKey = {NodeId, Segment},
|
||
case ets:lookup(?TRIE_EDGE_TAB, EdgeKey) of
|
||
[{EdgeKey, ChildNodeId}] ->
|
||
[ChildNodeId];
|
||
[] ->
|
||
[]
|
||
end.
|
||
|
||
-spec has_wildcard([binary()]) -> boolean().
|
||
has_wildcard(Components) ->
|
||
lists:any(fun(Component) -> Component =:= <<"*">> orelse Component =:= <<"+">> end, Components).
|
||
|
||
-spec exact_subscribers(ets:tid()) -> [#subscriber{}].
|
||
exact_subscribers(ExactTid) ->
|
||
[Sub || {_Topic, Sub} <- ets:tab2list(ExactTid)].
|
||
|
||
-spec trie_subscribers(ets:tid()) -> [#subscriber{}].
|
||
trie_subscribers(TrieSubTid) ->
|
||
[Sub || {_Key, Sub} <- ets:tab2list(TrieSubTid)].
|